What is Hawk?

Hawk
Sharp-shinned Hawk Sharp-shinned Hawk
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Falconiformes

The term hawk refers to birds of prey in any of three senses:

• In strict use in Europe and Asia, to mean any of the species in the bird subfamily Accipitrinae in the genera Accipiter, Micronisus, Melierax, Urotriorchis, and Megatriorchis. The large and widespread Accipiter genus includes goshawks, sparrowhawks , the Sharp-shinned Hawk and others. They are mainly woodland birds that hunt by sudden dashes from a concealed perch. They typically have long tails and high visual acuity.
• More generally, especially in North America, to mean small to medium-sized birds that are members of the Pandionidae (the Osprey) and Accipitridae - the family which includes the "true hawks" (Accipiters) and also eagles, kites, harriers, buzzards, and Old World vultures.
• Loosely, to mean almost any bird of prey outside of the order Strigiformes (owls).

The common names of birds in various parts of the world often use hawk in the second sense. For example, in North America, the Buteo species are known as hawks (e.g., the Red-tailed Hawk, B. jamaicensis).

In February 2005, Canadian ornithologist Louis Lefebvre announced a method of measuring avian "IQ" in terms of their innovation in feeding habits.[1] Hawks were named among the most intelligent birds based on his scale.

Hawks are widely reputed to have visual acuity several times that of a normal human being. This is due to the many photoreceptors in the retina (up to 1,000,000 per square mm for Buteo, against 200,000 for humans), an exceptional number of nerves connecting these receptors to the brain, and an indented fovea, which magnifies the central portion of the visual field.