What is Freshwater?

Information about Freshwater

Fresh Water
Enlarge picture
No cover image exists
Studio album by Alison McCallum
Released March 1972
Genre Rock/Blues
Label RCA Records
Producer Simon Napier-Bell
Alison McCallum chronology
Fresh Water
(1972)		Any Way You Want Me
(1974)


Fresh Water is the debut album by Australian rock and blues singer Alison McCallum, released in 1972. Rare for an Australian artist at the time, it came in a gatefold sleeve. It was re-issued in 1974 under the title Any Way You Want Me in a single sleeve with new artwork

Track listing

  1. Fresh Water (Simon Napier-Bell) – 3:25
  2. Ain't Eatin' Dinner Tonight (Simon Napier-Bell) – 3:15
  3. Any Way You Want Me (Chip Taylor) – 2:32
  4. Lean Woman Blues (Marc Bolan) – 4:23
  5. Take Me Back (Ted Mulry) – 4:27
  6. The Last Time (Mick Jagger/Keith Richards) – 3:21
  7. Organ Grinder Blues (Clarence Williams) – 5:56
  8. Hippy Gumbo (Marc Bolan) – 4:41
  9. If It Ain't Hard, It Ain't Easy (Simon Napier-Bell) – 4:09
  10. Superman (Harry Vanda/George Young) – 2:29

Known Personnel

  • Alison McCallum: Vocals, Backing Vocals.
  • Phil Manning: Guitar.
  • Bobbi Marchini: Backing Vocals.

Production

  • Simon Napier-Bell: Producer.
  • John Hall: Cover Concept.
  • Craig Stiles: Artwork
  • Ian Potter: Photography
“Freshwater” redirects here. For the village on the Isle of Wight, see Freshwater, Isle of Wight.


The term fresh water refers to bodies of water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Fresh water is an important renewable resource, necessary for the survival of most terrestrial organisms, and required by humans for drinking and agriculture, among many other uses.

Enlarge picture
The surface of a freshwater lake in daylight

Numerical definition

Fresh water is defined as water with less than 0.5 parts per thousand dissolved salts.[1] Freshwater bodies include lakes, rivers, and some bodies of underground water. The ultimate source of fresh water is the precipitation of atmosphere in the form of rain and snow.

Water salinity based on dissolved salts in parts per thousand (ppt)
Fresh water Brackish water Saline water Brine
< 0.5 0.5 - 35 35 - 50 > 50

Water distribution

Access to unpolluted fresh water is a critical issue for the survival of many species, including humans, who must drink fresh water in order to survive. Only three percent of the water on Earth is fresh water in nature, and about two-thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps. Most of the rest is underground and only 0.3 percent is surface water. Freshwater lakes, most notably Lake Baikal in Russia and the Great Lakes in North America, contain seven-eighths of this fresh surface water. Swamps have most of the balance with only a small amount in rivers, most notably the Amazon River. The atmosphere contains 0.04% water. [2] In areas with no fresh water on the ground surface, fresh water derived from precipitation may, because of its lower density, overlie saline ground water in lenses or layers.

Aquatic organisms

Fresh water creates a hypotonic environment for aquatic organisms. This is problematic for some organisms, whose cell membranes will burst if excess water is not excreted. Some protists accomplish this using contractile vacuoles, while freshwater fish excrete excess water via the kidney.[3] Although most aquatic organisms have a limited ability to regulate their osmotic balance and therefore can only live within a narrow range of salinity, diadromous fish have the ability to migrate between fresh water and saline water bodies. During these migrations they undergo changes to adapt to the surroundings of the changed salinities; these processes are hormonally controlled. The eel (Anguilla anguilla) uses the hormone prolactin, while in salmon (Salmo salar) the hormone cortisol plays a key role during this process.

See also

References

1. ^ Groundwater Glossary (2006-03-27). Retrieved on 2006-05-14.
2. ^ Gleick, Peter; et al. (1996). in Stephen H. Schneider: Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather. Oxford University Press. 
3. ^ Vertebrate Kidneys (2002-11-03). Retrieved on 2006-05-14.

External links

A studio album is a collection of studio-recorded tracks by a recording artist.

It usually does not contain live recordings or remixes, and if it does, those tracks do not make up a majority of the album and are often called "bonus tracks".
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Alison McCallum (often shown as Alison MacCallum) (born 1951, Sydney, Australia) is an Australian rock singer who had a string of singles in her home country in the late 1960s and 1970s.
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Simon Napier-Bell (b. April 22, 1939 in Ealing Common, London, England) has undertaken many jobs in the music industry, including bandboy, manager, producer, songwriter, journalist and author.
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Alison McCallum (often shown as Alison MacCallum) (born 1951, Sydney, Australia) is an Australian rock singer who had a string of singles in her home country in the late 1960s and 1970s.
..... Read more.
Any Way You Want Me is the re-issue title of Fresh Water, the 1972 debut album by Australian rock and blues singer Alison McCallum. Unlike the original release, it did not come in a gatefold sleeve and features new artwork.
..... Read more.
album or record album is a collection of related audio or music tracks distributed to the public. The most common way is through commercial distribution, although smaller artists will often distribute directly to the public by selling their albums at live concerts or on
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Alison McCallum (often shown as Alison MacCallum) (born 1951, Sydney, Australia) is an Australian rock singer who had a string of singles in her home country in the late 1960s and 1970s.
..... Read more.
Simon Napier-Bell (b. April 22, 1939 in Ealing Common, London, England) has undertaken many jobs in the music industry, including bandboy, manager, producer, songwriter, journalist and author.
..... Read more.
Chip Taylor (b. January 1, 1940 in New York City) is the stage name of American songwriter James Wesley Voight noted for writing the song, Wild Thing. Taylor's brothers are the actor, Jon Voight, and the geologist, Barry Voight.
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Marc Bolan (born Mark Feld; 30 September 1947 - 16 September 1977), was an English singer, songwriter and guitarist whose hit singles, fashion sensibilities and stage presence with T Rex in the early 1970s helped cultivate the glam rock era and made him one of the most
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The Last Time may refer to:

In music

  • an album by John Farnham
  • The Last Time (song), a song by The Rolling Stones on their album Out of Our Heads
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Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943) is an English guitarist, songwriter, singer, producer and founding member of The Rolling Stones. With songwriting partner and Stones lead vocalist Mick Jagger, he has written and recorded hundreds of songs.
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Clarence Williams (October 8, 1898 – November 6, 1965) was an American jazz pianist, composer, promoter, vocalist, theatrical producer, and publisher.

Williams was born in Plaquemine, Louisiana, ran away from home at age 12 to join Billy Kersand's Traveling Minstrel
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Harry Vanda (born Johannes Hendricus Jacob Vandenberg, 22 March 1946, in The Hague, The Netherlands), is a Dutch-Australian popular music singer, guitarist, songwriter and record producer.

Career

His family migrated to Australia in 1963, and settled in Sydney.
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George Redburn Young (born 6 November 1947 in Glasgow, Scotland) is an Australian rock musician, songwriter and record producer, best-known as the co-writer of the international hits, "Friday On My Mind" and "Love Is In The Air"; and for his production of the hard rock band, AC/DC,
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Alison McCallum (often shown as Alison MacCallum) (born 1951, Sydney, Australia) is an Australian rock singer who had a string of singles in her home country in the late 1960s and 1970s.
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Plantae
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  • Heterokontophyta
  • Haptophyta
  • Cryptophyta
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