What is 1923?

Contents  (full)

1 Events of 1923

: -  Jan. ^. Feb. ^. March ^. April

: -  May ^. June ^. July  ^.  Aug.

: -  Sept. ^. Oct. ^. Nov. ^.  Dec.

: -  Undated ^. Ongoing ^.

2 Births

3 Deaths

4 Nobel Prizes

5 See also -  Notes -  External links

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Events of 1923

January-February

• January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies.
• January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.
• January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.
• January 17 - Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
• January 18 - Elon College's campus is destroyed by a fire.
• February 28 - Barcelona (Spain): Albert Einstein visits the city, at the invitation of scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa.

March-April

• March - Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage. Settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel. Antonin Artaud played the part of Tiresias.
• March 1
• USS Connecticut decommissioned.
• Greece adopts the Gregorian calendar.
• March 2 - Time Magazine hits newsstands for the first time.
• March 9 - Vladimir Lenin suffers a stroke, his third, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.
• March 28 - Regia Aeronautica, air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.
• April - End of Irish Civil War.
• April 6 - The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed in Victoria Institution, Malaysia.
• April 12 - Kandersteg International Scout Centre came into existence.
• April 23
• Ceremonial inauguration of Gdynia seaport.
• The House that Ruth Built: Yankee Stadium opens in New York City.
• April 24 - Angora is discovered in Derbyshire.
• April 26 - Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey.
• April - The date when Turkish Council was founded by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.

May-June

• May 3 - Creation of Aleph Zadik Aleph
• May 23 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA Airlines.
• May 27 - Ku Klux Klan defies law requiring publication of its members.
• June 9 - Military coup in Bulgaria - prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is ousted (he is killed June 14).
• June 13 - China President Li abandoned his residence because a warlord had commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off water and electric supplies of the residence in order to force him to abandon his post.
• June 16 - Storm of Ayan in Siberia concludes the Yakut Revolt and the Russian Civil War
• June 18 - Etna volcano erupts - 60,000 made homeless.
• June 25 - Rapid Bucureşti is formed on the initiative of the Griviţa railroad workers. The name given at the time was CFR Bucureşti.

July-August

• July 10 - Large hailstones kill 23 in Rostow, Soviet Union.
• July 19-20 night - Assassination of Pancho Villa.
• July 24 - The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War.
• August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States, (1921 - 1923) dies in office and is succeeded by Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929).
• August 13
• First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
• Gustav Stresemann is named chancellor and founds a coalition government in Weimar Republic Germany.

September-October

• September 1 - Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people.
• September 4 - In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time.
• September 6 - Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation of murder of an Italian officer. League of Nations protests and they leave September 29.
• September 8 - Honda Point Disaster: Seven US Navy destroyers ran aground off the California coast.
• September 9 - Atatürk founded the CHP.
• September 10 - Ireland joins League of Nations.
• September 13 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
• September 17 - A major fire in Berkeley, California erupts, consumed some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely-built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
• September 18 - 26 - Newspaper printers strike in New York.
• September 26 - In Bayern, Gustav Ritter von Kahr declares independence from Berlin.
• October 13 - Ankara replaces İstanbul as the capital of Turkey.
• October 26 - in Persia, Reza Khan became Ahmad Shah Qajar's prime minister.
• October 29 - Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.

November-December

• November 8 - Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day.
• November 12- Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie in Wellington Barracks, London.
• November 15 - The hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000,000 Papiermark (4.2 quadrillion). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency.
• November 23 - Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses.
• December 12 - In Italy, the Po river dam bursts - 600 dead.
• December 27 - Assassination attempt against the crown prince of Japan in Tokyo.

Undated

• Unemployment insurance scheme introduced in Queensland.
• Finnish flag carrier Finnair airline is started in Aero Oy.
• Interpol is set up.
• International Police Conference in Vienna.
• Hoda Cha'arawi Association (formerly The Egyptian Feminist Union) is established in Egypt.
• Trade unions banned in Spain for 10 years.
• Police strike in Australia.
• American Law Institute established.
• Moderation League of New York becomes part of the movement for repeal of prohibition in the United States.
• Rainbow Trout introduced into the upper Firehole River in Yellowstone National Park

Ongoing

• Pontic Greek Genocide (1916–1923).

Births

January - February

• January 1:
• Vulo Radev, Bulgarian film director (d. 2001)
• Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944)
• January 5 - Sam Phillips, American record producer (d. 2003)
• January 6 - Jacobo Timerman, Argentine writer (d. 1999)
• January 7 - Hugh Kenner, Canadian literary critic (d. 2003)
• January 8 - Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)
• January 16 - Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004)
• January 19 - Jean Stapleton, American actress
• January 23:
• Cot Deal, major league baseball player and coach
• Stephanie Kwolek, inventor of Kevlar fibers
• January 25 - Arvid Carlsson, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• January 26 - Anne Jeffreys, American actress
• January 29 - Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981)
• January 31 - Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist
• February 2
• James Dickey, American poet and author (d. 1997)
• Liz Smith, American gossip columnist
• February 9 - Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964)
• February 10 - Cesare Siepi, Italian opera singer
• February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director
• February 13
• Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003)
• Chuck Yeager, American pilot and NASA official
• February 20 - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (d. 1985)
• February 24 - David Soyer, American cellist
• February 27 - Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player (d. 1990)

March - April

• March 4 - Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer and broadcaster
• March 6 - Ed McMahon, American television personality
• March 9 - Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• March 10 - Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• March 12 - Wally Schirra, astronaut (d. 2007)
• March 21 - Shri Mataji Nirmala Srivastava, Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga
• March 22 - Marcel Marceau, world renown French Mime (d. 2007)
• March 25 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (d. 2003)
• March 26 - Bob Elliott, American comedian
• March 27 - Louis Simpson, Jamaican-born poet
• March 30 - Milton Acorn, Canadian writer (d. 1986)
• April 2 - G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician
• April 6 - Ramon Valdes, Mexican comedian (d. 1988)
• April 8
• George Fisher, American political cartoonist (d. 2003)
• Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (d. 1997)
• April 13 - Don Adams, American actor and comedian (d. 2005)
• April 20 - Mother Angelica, American founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN)
• April 22
• Bettie Page, American model
• Aaron Spelling, American television producer and writer (d. 2006)
• April 23 - Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas
• April 25 - Albert King, American musician (d. 1992)
• April 30 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)

May - June

• May 1 - Joseph Heller, American novelist (d. 1999)
• May 2 - Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland
• May 3 - Ralph Hall, American politician
• May 4 - Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer, musician, conductor, poet and author (d. 1986)
• May 5 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (d. 2003)
• May 7 - Anne Baxter, American actress (d. 1985)
• May 10 - Verne Gagne, American professional wrestler
• May 15 - John Lanchbery, English composer (d. 2003)
• May 16 - Merton Miller, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
• May 18 - Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 2004)
• May 21
• Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (d. 2003)
• Dorothy Hewett, writer (d. 2002)
• Ara Parseghian, American football coach
• May 26 - James Arness, American actor
• May 27 - Henry Kissinger, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• May 28
• György Ligeti, Hungarian composer (d. 2006)
• NTR, Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor (d. 1996)
• May 31 - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
• June 4 - Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (d. 2007)
• June 10 - Robert Maxwell, Slovakian-born media entrepreneur (d. 1991)
• June 15 - Johnny Most, American basketball radio announcer (d. 1993)
• June 24 - Jack Carter, American comedian
• June 27 - Gus Zernial, American baseball player

July - August

• July 2 - Wislawa Szymborska, Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
• July 4 - Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss Federal Councilor
• July 8 - Harrison Dillard, American athlete
• July 18 - Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (d. 1997)
• July 20 - Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005)
• July 21 - Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• July 22
• Bob Dole, American politician and Presidential candidate
• Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
• July 23
• Witto Aloma, Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
• Norma Zimmer, American singer
• Estelle Getty, American actress
• July 28 - H.S.S. Lawrence, Indian educationist
• July 29 - Jim Marshall, founder of Marshall Amplification.
• August 5 - Devan Nair, third President of Singapore (d. 2005)
• August 16 - Millôr Fernandes, Brazilian cartoonist and playwright
• August 20 - Jim Reeves, American singer (d. 1964)
• August 21
• Shimon Peres, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• Larry Grayson, British comedian and game show host (d. 1995)
• August 24 - Arthur Jensen, American educational psychologist
• August 26 - Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor and pianist
• August 29 - Marmaduke Hussey, Baron Hussey of North Bradley, Chairman of the BBC (d. 2006)

September - October

• September 1
• Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
• Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (d. 2006)
• September 3 - Mort Walker, American cartoonist
• September 6 - King Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970)
• September 7 - Madeleine Dring, British composer and actress (d. 1977)
• September 9 - Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• September 11 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Indian guru (d. 2003)
• September 16 - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore
• September 17 - Hank Williams, American country musician (d. 1953)
• September 18 - Queen Anne of Romania
• September 20 - Geraldine Clinton Little, Irish-born poet (d. 1997)
• September 22 - Dannie Abse, Welsh poet
• September 26 - Dev Anand, Indian actor
• October 3 - Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
• October 5 - Albert Gugmundsson, Icelandic professional football player and politician (d. 1994)
• October 5 - Glynis Johns, British actress
• October 13 - Faas Wilkes, Dutch football (soccer) player (d. 2006)
• October 15 - Italo Calvino, Italian writer (d. 1985)
• October 17 - Charles McClendon, Hall of Fame college football coach (d. 2001)
• October 23
• Frank Sutton, American actor (d. 1974)
• Sir Robin Day, British political broadcaster (d. 2000)
• October 24 - Denise Levertov, British-born American poet (d. 1997)

November - December

• November 1
• Victoria de los Angeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005)
• Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001)
• November 3 - Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Northern Irish clergyman (d. 1990)
• November 8 - Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 2005)
• November 18 - Alan Shepard, American astronaut (d. 1998)
• November 20 - Nadine Gordimer, South African writer, Nobel Prize laureate
• November 22 - Arthur Hiller, Canadian film director
• November 23 - Billy Haughton, American harness driver and trainer (d. 1986)
• November 25 - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland
• December 2 - Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977)
• December 12 - Bob Barker, American game show host
• December 13
• Philip Warren Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• Larry Doby, baseball player (d. 2003)
• Antoni Tàpies, Catalan painter
• December 14
• Gerard Reve, Dutch writer (d. 2006)
• Sully Boyar, American actor (d. 2001)
• December 15 - Freeman Dyson, English-born physicist
• December 17 - Jaroslav Pelikan, American historian (d. 2006)
• December 23
• Claudio Scimone, Italian conductor
• James Stockdale, U.S. Navy admiral (d. 2005)
• December 24 - George Patton IV, American general (d. 2004)
• December 25 - Sonia Olschanezky, World War II heroine (d. 1944)
• date unknown - Geoffrey Hattersley-Smith, English/Canadian geologist and glaciologist

Deaths

• Mohammad Ya`qub Khan, Emir of Kabul, Emir of Kandahar (b. 1849)

January - June

• January 9
• Katherine Mansfield, British novelist (b. 1888)
• Edith Thompson, hanged for murder (or adultery; b. 25 December 1893)
• January 23 - Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
• January 31 - Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish artist, political activist and assassin (executed) (b. 1869)
• February 3 - Kuroki Tamemoto, Japanese military leader (b. 1844)
• February 10 - Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
• February 23 - Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852)
• March 8 - Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1837)
• March 26 - Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844)
• March 27 - Sir James Dewar, Scottish chemist (b. 1842)
• March 28 - Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general (b. 1847)
• April 4 - John Venn, British mathematician (b. 1834)
• April 5 - George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English financier of Egyptian excavations (b. 1866)
• April 23 - Princess Louise of Prussia, Grand Duchess of Baden (b. 1838)
• June 9 - Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria (b. 1846)
• June 24 - Edith Södergran, Finnish author (b. 1892)

July - December

• July 10 - Albert Chevalier, music hall comedian (b. 1861)
• July 23 - Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1878)
• August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)
• August 24 - Kato Tomosaburo, 21st Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1861)
• September 9 - Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, 8th President of Brazil (b. 1855)
• October 30 - Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
• November 9 (among those killed in Beer Hall Putsch):
• Oskar Körner, businessman (b. 1875)
• Karl Laforce, student (b. 1904)
• Ludwig Maximilian Erwin von Scheubner-Richter, diplomat and revolutionary (b. 1884)
• November 14 - Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover (b. 1845)
• December 12 - Raymond Radiguet, French author (b. 1903)
• December 13 - Théophile Steinlen, Swiss painter (b. 1859)
• date unknown - Carl L. Boeckmann, Norwegian-American artist (b. 1867)

Nobel prizes

• Physics - Robert Andrews Millikan
• Chemistry - Fritz Pregl
• Physiology or Medicine - Frederick Grant Banting, John James Richard Macleod
• Literature - William Butler Yeats
• Peace - Not awarded

See also

• 20th century

Notes

External references

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