What is 1781?

Information about 1781

Centuries:	8th century - 9th century - 10th century
Decades:	850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
Years:	885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891

:
Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
Art - Literature - Music - Science
Countries: Canada
Great Britain - Mexico
Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors
Category: -
- - • • [ e]

Year 1781 (MDCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1781

January - June

January 5 - American Revolution: Richmond, Virginia is burned by British naval forces led by Benedict Arnold.
January 6 - In the Battle of Jersey the British beat the French in what was technically the last battle fought in the British Islands (coming after the Battle of Culloden in 1745). It was the last attempt by France to invade Jersey militarily.
January 17 - American Revolution: Americans under Daniel Morgan defeat British forces at the Battle of Cowpens.
January 30 - Articles of Confederation ratified by 13th state, Maryland.
January - William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister, enters Parliament.
March 1 - American Continental Congress implements the Articles of Confederation.
March 13 - Sir William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. Originally he calls it Georgium Sidus (George's Star) in honour of King George III of England.
March 15 - American Revolution: American General Nathanael Greene loses Battle of Guilford Court House to British.

March 13: Uranus discovered [image in false color].

July - December

July 27 - French spy Francis Henry de la Motte executed in Tyburn prison in England for high treason
July 29 - American Revolution: Skirmish at the House in the Horseshoe: A Tory force under David Fanning attacks Phillip Alston's smaller force of Whigs at Alston's home in Cumberland County, North Carolina (in present day Moore County, North Carolina). Alston's troops surrender after Fanning's men attempt to ram the house with a cart of burning straw.
August 30 - American Revolution: French fleet under Comte de Grasse enters Chesapeake Bay, cutting British General Charles Cornwallis off from escape by sea.
September 4 - Los Angeles is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de Los Ángeles de Porciuncula (City of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels of Porciuncula) by a group of 44 Spanish settlers.
September 5 - American Revolution: British fleet under Thomas Graves arrives and fights de Grasse, but to no effect.
September 6 - American Revolution: The British army attacks a fort in Groton, Connecticut which became known as the Battle of Groton Heights.
September 10 - American Revolution: Graves gives up trying to break through the now-reinforced French fleet and returns to New York, leaving Cornwallis to his fate.
October 19 - American Revolution: Following the Siege of Yorktown, General Charles Cornwallis surrenders to General George Washington at Yorktown, Virginia, ending the armed struggle of the American Revolution.
October 20 - Patent of Tolerance, providing limited freedom of worship, was approved in Habsburg Monarchy.
November 5 - John Hanson is elected President of the Continental Congress.
November 29 - The slave ship Zong dumps its living cargo into the sea in order to claim insurance.
November 29 - Henry Hurle officially founds the Ancient Order of Druids(AOD) in London, England.
December 12 - French and British fleets fight in the Second Battle of Ushant.

Undated

Bank of North America is chartered by the Continental Congress.
Charles Messier publishes final catalog of Messier objects.
Carl Wilhelm Scheele discovers tungsten.
Immanuel Kant publishes Critique of Pure Reason.
Jeremy Bentham formulates utilitarian ethics.
Reverend Samuel Peters publishes General History of Connecticut, using the term blue law for the first time.
Antonio Salieri selected as music teacher of Princess of Württemberg over Mozart.
John Phillips establishes Phillips Exeter Academy.
Washington Academy later Washington and Jefferson College.

Births

**1781 in other calendars**
Gregorian calendar	1781 MDCCLXXXI
Ab urbe condita	2534
Armenian calendar	1230 ԹՎ ՌՄԼ
Bah' calendar	-63 – -62
Buddhist calendar	2325
Chinese calendar	4417/4477-8-3 (庚子年八月初三日) — to — 4418/4478-6-12 (辛丑年六月十二日)
Coptic calendar	1497 – 1498
Ethiopian calendar	1773 – 1774
Hebrew calendar	5541 – 5542
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1836 – 1837
- Shaka Samvat	1703 – 1704
- Kali Yuga	4882 – 4883
Holocene calendar	11781
Iranian calendar	1159 – 1160
Islamic calendar	1195 – 1196
Japanese calendar	Tenmei 0 (天明0年)
- Imperial Year	Kōki 2441 (皇紀2441年)
Julian calendar	1826
Korean calendar	4114
Thai solar calendar	2324
• • [ e]

January 26 - Achim von Arnim, German writer (d. 1831)
January 30 - Adelbert von Chamisso, German writer (d. 1838)
February 17 - Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec, French physician and inventor (d. 1826)
March 4 - Rebecca Gratz, American educator and philanthropist (d. 1869)
March 13 - Karl Friedrich Schinkel, German architect and painter (d. 1841)
April 2 - Bhagwan Swaminarayan, Hindu Spiritual Leader (d. 1830)
June 9- George Stephenson, English engineer (d. 1848)
June 21 - Siméon-Denis Poisson, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1840)
July 6
Thomas Stamford Raffles, English founder of Singapore (d. 1826)
John D. Sloat, American naval officer (d. 1867)
July 27 - Mauro Giuliani, Italian composer (d. 1829)
September 3 - Eugène de Beauharnais, French nobleman, son of Napoleon's wife Josephine (d. 1824)
September 6 - Anton Diabelli, Austrian music publisher, editor, and composer (d. 1858)
October 1 - James Lawrence, U.S. Navy officer (d. 1813)
November 6 - Lucy Aikin, English writer (d. 1864)
November 20 - Karl Friedrich Eichhorn, German jurist (d. 1854)
November 29 - Andrés Bello, Venezuelan poet, lawmaker, teacher, philosopher and sociologist (d. 1865)
November 30 - Alexander Berry, Scottish adventurer and Australian pioneer (d. 1873)
December 11 - Sir David Brewster, Scottish physicist (d. 1868)
date unknown
William Williams of Wern, minister (d. 1840)
Shaka Zulu King of the Zulu people. (d. circa 22 September 1828)

See also .

Deaths

January 12 - Richard Challoner, English Catholic prelate (b. 1691)
January 15 - Marianne Victoria of Borbón, queen regent of Portugal (b. 1718)
February 15 - Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German author and philosopher (b. 1729)
February 23 - George Taylor, American signer of the Declaration of Independence
February 24 - Edward Capell, English critic (b. 1713)
March 18 - Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de Laune, French statesman and economist (b. 1727)
April 23 - James Abercrombie, British general (b. 1706)
April 28 - Cornelius Harnett, American delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1723)
May 8 - Richard Jago, English poet (b. 1715)
May 27 - Giovanni Battista Beccaria, Italian physicist (b. 1716)
July 18 - Padre Francisco Garcés, Spanish missionary (killed) (b. 1738)
July 23 - John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-born Continental Congressman (b. 1724)
September 28 - William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, British diplomat and statesman (b. 1717)
October 16 - Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, British naval officer (b. 1705)
November 4 - Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet (b. 1721)
date unknown - Peter Scheemakers, Flemish sculptor (b. 1691)

See also .

Upper Paleolithic

10th millennium BC | 9th millennium BC | 8th millennium BC
7th millennium BC | 6th millennium BC | 5th millennium BC

..... Read more.

The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era.

Overview

During this century the Middle East, the coast of North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula comes rapidly under Islamic Arab domination.
..... Read more.

As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was the century that lasted from 801 to 900.

Western European

"Dark Ages" applied later to this period

..... Read more.

As a means of recording the passage of time, the 10th century was that century which lasted from 901 to 1000.

Overview

The tenth century is usually regarded as a low point in European history. In China it was also a period of political upheaval.
..... Read more.

list of decades which have articles with more information about them.

During the twentieth century, it became popular to look at that century's decades as historical entities in themselves.
..... Read more.

Centuries: 8th century - 9th century - 10th century

820s 830s 840s - 850s - 860s 870s 880s
850 851 852 853 854
855 856 857 858 859

- -
-

Events and trends

850–859: Christian "Martyr Movement" in Muslim Córdoba, Spain.

..... Read more.

Centuries: 8th century - 9th century - 10th century

830s 840s 850s - 860s - 870s 880s 890s
860 861 862 863 864
865 866 867 868 869

- -
-

Events and Trends

Rurik establishes the state of Novgorod (later Kievan Rus')

..... Read more.

Centuries: 8th century - 9th century - 10th century

840s 850s 860s - 870s - 880s 890s 900s
870 871 872 873 874
875 876 877 878 879

- -
-

Events and Trends

The Danes invade England (870) and conquer East Anglia.

..... Read more.

Centuries: 8th century - 9th century - 10th century

850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
880 881 882 883 884
885 886 887 888 889

- -
-

Events and Trends

885 — Vikings lay siege to Paris

..... Read more.

Centuries: 8th century - 9th century - 10th century

860s 870s 880s - 890s - 900s 910s 920s
890 891 892 893 894
895 896 897 898 899

- -
-

Events and Trends

899 — Death of Alfred the Great

..... Read more.

Centuries: 8th century - 9th century - 10th century

870s 880s 890s - 900s - 910s 920s 930s
900 901 902 903 904
905 906 907 908 909

- -
-

Events and Trends

..... Read more.

Centuries: 9th century - 10th century - 11st century

880s 890s 900s - 910s - 920s 930s 940s
910 911 912 913 914
915 916 917 918 919

- -
-

Events and Trends

Construction begins on the first church at the monastery of Cluny.

..... Read more.

This page indexes the individual years pages.

Twenty-first century

2100 - 2099 - 2098 - 2097 - 2096 - 2095 - 2094 - 2093 - 2092 - 2091

2090 - 2089 - 2088 - 2087 - 2086 - 2085 - 2084 - 2083 - 2082 - 2081

..... Read more.

8th century - 9th century - 10th century
850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
882 883 884 - 885 - 886 887 888
..... Read more.

9th century - 10th century
850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
883 884 885 - 886 - 887 888 889
..... Read more.

8th century - 9th century - 10th century
850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
884 885 886 - 887 - 888 889 890
..... Read more.

8th century - 9th century - 10th century
850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891
..... Read more.

8th century - 9th century - 10th century
850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
886 887 888 - 889 - 890 891 892
..... Read more.

8th century - 9th century - 10th century
860s 870s 880s - 890s - 900s 910s 920s
887 888 889 - 890 - 891 892 893
..... Read more.

8th century - 9th century - 10th century
860s 870s 880s - 890s - 900s 910s 920s
888 889 890 - 891 - 892 893 894
..... Read more.

-1780- 1781 1782 1783 1784 ^. 1785 ^. 1786 ^. 1787 ^. 1788 ^. 1789 ^. 1790

In science: 1777 1778 1779 -1780- 1781 1782 1783
..... Read more.

-1781- 1782 ^. 1783 ^. 1784 1785 ^. 1786 ^. 1787 ^. 1788 ^. 1789 ^. 1790 ^.
..... Read more.

See also: 1780 in literature, other events of 1781, 1782 in literature, list of years in literature.

Events

The capitulation of General Cornwallis at the Siege of Yorktown.

..... Read more.

-1781- 1782 ^. 1783 ^. 1784 1785 ^. 1786 ^. 1787 ^. 1788 ^. 1789 ^. 1790 ^.
..... Read more.

See also: 1780 in Canada, other events of 1781, 1782 in Canada and the list of 'years in Canada'.

Events

February 2 - Ethan Allen receives a further proposal from Col. Robinson; but sends both to Congress, with a request for the recognition of Vermont.

..... Read more.

1781 in Great Britain:
Other years
1779 | 1780 | 1781 | 1782 | 1783 Events from the year 1781 in the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Events

1 January - Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn.

..... Read more.

Ashanti Confederacy - Osei Kwame Panyin, Asantehene (1777-1803)

Dahomey - Kpengla, King of Dahomey (1774-1789)

Ethiopia - Tekle Giyorgis I, Emperor of Ethiopia (first reign, 1779-1784)

Zulu -

Jama kaNdaba, King of the Zulu (1763-1781)

..... Read more.

Angola

Macau -
Antonio Jose da Costa, Governor of Macau (1780-1781)
D. Francisco de Castro, Governor of Macau (1781-1783)

..... Read more.

E-mail | Favorites | Print | Facebook | More