Information about Service Level Agreement

Service Level Agreement (SLA) is that part of a service contract where the level of service is formally defined.

In practice, the term SLA is sometimes used incorrectly in the context of contracted delivery time (of the service) or performance.

What is a Service Level Agreement (SLA)?

An SLA is a formal negotiated agreement between two parties. It is a contract that exists between customers and their service provider, or between service providers. It records the common understanding about services, priorities, responsibilities, guarantee, etc. with the main purpose to agree on the level of service. For example, it may specify the levels of availability, serviceability, performance, operation or other attributes of the service like billing and even penalties in the case of violation of the SLA.

Historically, SLAs have been used since late 80's by fixed line telecom operators as part of their contracts with their corporate customers. More recently, IT departments in larger enterprises have adopted the idea of using service level agreements with their customers, i.e. users in other departments within the same enterprise, to allow for comparing the delivered quality of service with the one promised, and potentially consider the alternative of outsourcing IT services to an external company.

An '''SLA is generally business oriented and doesn't go into much technical detail. Its technical specifications are commonly described through either SLS (Service Level Specification) or SLO (Service Level Objective).

SLS is a technical interpretation of SLA. It is therefore intended as an operational guideline for the implementation of the service

SLO is a subset of SLS, which contains some service parameters the goals to be achieved by the SLS...

Common metrics

Service level agreements can contain numerous service performance metrics with corresponding service level objectives. A common case in IT Service Management is a call center or service desk. Metrics commonly agreed to in these cases include:
  • ABA (Abandon Rate): Percentage of calls abandoned while waiting to be answered.
  • ASA (Average Speed to Answer): Average time (usually in seconds) it takes for a call to be answered by the service desk.
  • TSF (Time Service Factor): Percentage of calls answered within a definite timeframe, e.g. 80% in 20 seconds.
  • FCR (First Call Resolution): Percentage of incoming calls that can be resolved without the use of a callback, or without having the caller call back the helpdesk to finish resolving the case.
Uptime Agreements are another very common metric, often used for data services such as shared hosting, virtual private servers and dedicated servers. Common agreements include percentage of network uptime, power uptime, etc.

Typical SLA Contents

SLAs commonly include segments to address: a definition of services; performance measurement; problem management; customer duties; warranties; disaster recovery; termination of agreement.[1]

Importance of SLAs in Outsourcing

Outsourcing involves the transfer of responsibility from an organization to a supplier. The management of this new arrangement is through a contract that will include a Service Level Agreement. The contract will involve financial penalties and the right to terminate if SLAs are consistently missed.

References

1. ^ An outline of the core elements of an SLA. The Service Level Agreement.
IT Service Management (ITSM) is a discipline for managing information technology (IT) systems, philosophically centered on the customer's perspective of IT's contribution to the business.
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A call centre or call center (see spelling differences) is a centralised office used for the purpose of receiving and transmitting a large volume of requests by telephone.
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A Service Desk is a primary IT capability called for in IT Service Management (ITSM) as defined by the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL). It is intended to provide a Single Point of Contact ("SPOC") to meet the communications needs of both Users and IT and to
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shared web hosting service or virtual hosting service refers to a web hosting service where many websites reside on one web server connected to the Internet. Each site "sits" on its own partition, or section of the server to keep it separate from other sites.
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virtual private server (VPS, also referred to as Virtual Dedicated Server or VDS) is a method of partitioning a physical server computer into multiple servers that each has the appearance and capabilities of running on its own dedicated machine.
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dedicated hosting service, dedicated server, or managed hosting service is a type of Internet hosting where the client leases an entire server not shared with anyone.
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worldwide view of the subject.
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Outsourcing became part of the business lexicon during the 1980s and refers to the delegation of non-core operations from internal production to an external
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