Information about Near Letter Quality
A letter-quality printer was a form of computer impact printer that was able to print with the quality typically expected from a business typewriter such as an IBM Selectric.
A letter-quality printer operates in much the same fashion as a typewriter. An array of letters, numbers, or symbols embossed on a metal surface, are used to strike a ribbon of ink, depositing the ink on the page and thus printing a character.
Over time, several different technologies were developed including automating ordinary typebar typewriter mechanisms (such as the Friden Flexowriter), daisy wheel printers where the type is moulded around the edge of a wheel, and "golf ball" printers where the type is distributed over the face of a globe-shaped printhead (including automating IBM Selectric mechanisms such as the IBM 2741 terminal). The daisy wheel and Selectric-based printers offered the advantage that the typeface was readily changeable by the user to accommodate varying needs.
These printers were referred to as "letter-quality printers" during their heyday, and could produce text which was as clear and crisp as a typewriter (though they were nowhere near the quality of printing presses). Most were available either as complete computer terminals with keyboards, or as print-only devices. Because of its low cost, the daisy wheel printer became the most successful.
Letter-quality printers, however, were slow, noisy, incapable of printing graphics or images, generally limited to monochrome, and limited to a fixed set (usually one) of typefaces, though certain font effects like underlining and boldface could be achieved by overstriking. Nowadays, printers using non-impact printing (for example laser printers, inkjet printers, and other similar means) have replaced traditional letter-quality printers in most applications.
A letter-quality printer operates in much the same fashion as a typewriter. An array of letters, numbers, or symbols embossed on a metal surface, are used to strike a ribbon of ink, depositing the ink on the page and thus printing a character.
Over time, several different technologies were developed including automating ordinary typebar typewriter mechanisms (such as the Friden Flexowriter), daisy wheel printers where the type is moulded around the edge of a wheel, and "golf ball" printers where the type is distributed over the face of a globe-shaped printhead (including automating IBM Selectric mechanisms such as the IBM 2741 terminal). The daisy wheel and Selectric-based printers offered the advantage that the typeface was readily changeable by the user to accommodate varying needs.
These printers were referred to as "letter-quality printers" during their heyday, and could produce text which was as clear and crisp as a typewriter (though they were nowhere near the quality of printing presses). Most were available either as complete computer terminals with keyboards, or as print-only devices. Because of its low cost, the daisy wheel printer became the most successful.
Letter-quality printers, however, were slow, noisy, incapable of printing graphics or images, generally limited to monochrome, and limited to a fixed set (usually one) of typefaces, though certain font effects like underlining and boldface could be achieved by overstriking. Nowadays, printers using non-impact printing (for example laser printers, inkjet printers, and other similar means) have replaced traditional letter-quality printers in most applications.
See also
- Diablo 630 — The archetypal daisy wheel printer
- Teleprinter
typewriter is a mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause characters to be printed on a document, usually paper.
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International Business Machines Corporation
Public (NYSE: IBM )
Founded 1889, incorporated 1911
Headquarters Armonk, New York, USA
Key people Samuel J.
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Public (NYSE: IBM )
Founded 1889, incorporated 1911
Headquarters Armonk, New York, USA
Key people Samuel J.
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IBM Selectric typewriter (occasionally known as the IBM Golfball typewriter) is an influential electric typewriter design. It was introduced in 1961.
Instead of a "basket" of pivoting typebars the Selectric had a pivoting type element (frequently called a "typeball")
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Instead of a "basket" of pivoting typebars the Selectric had a pivoting type element (frequently called a "typeball")
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typewriter is a mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause characters to be printed on a document, usually paper.
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An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for coloring a surface to produce an image or text. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen or brush or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing.
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The Friden Flexowriter, or flexowriter as on its nameplate, was a teleprinter based on a 1940s IBM product that was spun off as an independent company and later sold to the Friden Corp. It could punch and read 6-bit paper tape.
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A daisy wheel printer is a type of computer printer that produces high-quality type, and was often referred to during the 1980s as a letter-quality printer (in contrast to high-quality dot matrix printers, capable of so-called near letter quality (NLQ) output).
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Typesetting involves the presentation of textual material in graphic form on paper or some other medium. Before the advent of desktop publishing, typesetting of printed material was produced in print shops by compositors working by hand, and later with machines.
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The 2741 was a low-speed dumb terminal introduced in 1965. It combined a ruggedized Selectric typewriter mechanism with IBM SLT electronics and an RS-232-C serial interface. It operated at about 14.1 characters per second with a data rate of 134.
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printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring an image. The systems involved were first assembled in Germany by the goldsmith Johann Gutenberg in the 1430s.
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A computer terminal is an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying data from, a computer or a computing system. A computer terminal is an instance of a human-machine interface(HMI).
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laser printer is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. Like photocopiers, laser printers employ a xerographic printing process but differ from analog photocopiers in that the image is produced by the direct scanning
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Inkjet printers are a type of computer printer that operates by propelling tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper. They are the most common type of computer printer for the general consumer due to their low cost, high quality of output, capability of printing in vivid
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The Diablo 630 was a daisy wheel printer (computer printer) sold by the Diablo Data Systems division of the Xerox Corporation from 1980.[1] The printer was capable of letter-quality printing; that is, its print quality was equivalent to the quality of an IBM Selectric
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A teleprinter (teletypewriter, Teletype or TTY for TeleTYpe/TeleTYpewriter) is a now largely obsolete electro-mechanical typewriter which can be used to communicate typed messages from point to point through a simple electrical
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