Information about Ringo Starr

Richard Starkey Jr, MBE (born 7 July 1940), known by his stage name Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor, best known as the drummer of The Beatles. He was the oldest member of the band, and the last to join the "Fab Four" line up.^[1]

Early years

Ringo Starr was born on 9 Madryn Street^[2], Toxteth Liverpool (sometimes stated as The Dingle, but this is incorrect^[3]). ^[4][5] Starr's parents split up when he was three years old; his mother,^[6] Elsie, married Harry Graves^[7], whom Starr liked and who encouraged his interest in music.^{[8][9] [6]} His childhood was filled with long hospital stays—an appendicitis-caused coma and a cold-turned-pleurisy were among his ailments — consequently, he fell far behind in school. After his last extended visit to the hospital, beginning at age 13, he did not return to school.^[10][11] His health problems had another enduring effect: allergies and sensitivities to food. When he travelled to India in 1968 with the other Beatles, he took his own food with him.^[12]

Like the other Beatles, John Lennon, Paul McCartney and George Harrison, Ritchie (as he was known in those days)^[4] also eventually became caught up in Liverpool's Skiffle craze. In 1957, Starr started his own group with Eddie Miles, which was originally named the "Eddie Miles Band," but evolved into "Eddie Clayton and the Clayton Squares;" "Clayton Square" was a local landmark and "Clayton" Eddie Miles' stage surname. Starr joined the Raving Texans in 1959, a quartet that backed singer Rory Storm.^[14] During this time, he got the nickname Ringo, because of the rings he wore,^[15] and because it sounded 'cowboyish', and the last name Starr so that his drum solos could be billed as 'Starr Time'.^[16]

Starr originally met The Beatles in Hamburg, in October 1960, while he was performing with Rory Storm and the Hurricanes.^[17] He also sat in for Pete Best on several occasions.^[18] When The Beatles removed Best as their drummer on August 16, 1962, Starr was their choice to replace him.^[19]

Although Storm was magnanimous about losing Starr,^[20][21] Best's fans were upset, holding vigils outside Best's house and fighting at the Cavern Club, shouting 'Pete forever! Ringo never!'^[21] Similarly, other fans yelled the contrary: "Ringo forever! Pete never!"

Role in The Beatles

While sometimes the least visible member of the band, Starr's drumming style played a pivotal role in the music played and recorded by The Beatles. He filled the role he was hired for in 1962, then went on to establish a new approach to rhythm in popular music that some claim continues to grow in its significance and influence with every decade since The Beatles recorded their music.^[22]

Starr is left-handed yet plays a right-handed kit; his tendency to lead with his left hand contributes to his distinctive drumming style.

Lennon said of Starr:

Insert the text of the quote here, without quotation marks.

Drummer Steve Smith said:

Insert the text of the quote here, without quotation marks.

Many drummers list Starr as an influence, including Max Weinberg of the E Street Band, Dave Grohl of Foo Fighters/Nirvana, Danny Carey of Tool, Liberty DeVitto of Billy Joel's band, , Phil Collins, Mike Portnoy from Dream Theater and others.<ref name="Ringo's Drumming">Ringo's Drumming. According to Collins, "Starr is vastly underrated. The drum fills on the song "A Day in the Life" are very complex things. You could take a great drummer today and say, 'I want it like that.' He wouldn't know what to do."^[23]

In his extensive survey of The Beatles' recording sessions, Mark Lewisohn confirmed that Starr was both proficient and remarkably reliable and consistent. According to Lewisohn, there were fewer than a dozen occasions in The Beatles' eight-year recording career where session 'breakdowns' were caused by Starr making a mistake, while the vast majority of takes were stopped due to mistakes by the other three members.<ref name="Ringo's Drumming"/>

Starr is also considered to have advanced various modern drumming techniques (for playing and recording) such as the matched grip, placing the drums on high risers for visibility as part of the band, tuning the drums lower, and using muffling devices on tonal rings, along with his general contributions to The Beatles as a whole.^[23] Specific drum parts executed by Starr in notably signature fashion include the fill that brings the drums and bass guitar into "Hey Jude", the steady rock beats in "Please Please Me" and other early Beatles recordings, the drum kit pattern through the bridge of "Hello, Goodbye", and the driving bass drum notes found in "Lady Madonna", underlying the more intricate, double-tracked snare drum. His use of a 'sizzle' cymbal (a cymbal incorporated with rivets that vibrate) would bring a much fuller sound than standard 'ride' cymbals. McCartney took over the drums on "Back in the U.S.S.R." and "Dear Prudence", the first two tracks on the White Album (1968) after Starr had walked out, disgusted with the band's tensions and bored with waiting around to contribute. He did not return for two weeks until the other three Beatles urged him to come back. He spent the fortnight with actor Peter Sellers on his yacht in Piraeus, where he wrote "Octopus's Garden". Lennon sent telegrams to Starr, and Harrison set up flowers all over the studio for Starr's return saying "Welcome home".^[24]

McCartney sent Starr a postcard on 31 January 1969 (the day after the band's performance on the roof of Apple Studios) stating: 'You are the greatest drummer in the world. Really.' This postcard is included in Starr's book Postcards From The Boys.^[25]

McCartney played the drums on "The Ballad of John and Yoko", recorded 14 April 1969, since only Lennon and McCartney were immediately available to record the song.^[26] Starr commented that he was lucky in being 'surrounded by three frustrated drummers' who could only drum in one style.^[27] Starr also did not play drums on The Beatles' first-ever single, "Love Me Do". Session drummer Andy White was brought in by The Beatles' producer George Martin to record in place of Pete Best, and Martin claims to not have realized prior to the session that The Beatles had hired a professional drummer. Starr played tambourine on the version of "Love Me Do" featuring Andy White and maracas on "P.S. I Love You".^[28]

Starr generally sang at least one song on each studio album, as part of establishing the vocal personality of all four members. In some cases, Lennon or McCartney would write the lyrics and melody especially for him, as Lennon did with "Good Night" from the White Album, and as he and McCartney did for "Yellow Submarine" from Revolver (1966). Often these melodies would be tailored to Starr's baritone vocal range. Starr's backing vocals can be heard on songs such as "All Together Now", "Carry That Weight", and "The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill".

Starr is credited with "Don't Pass Me By" (on The White Album) and "Octopus's Garden" (on Abbey Road) as sole songwriter. Starr's name also appears as a co-writer: on Rubber Soul, the track "What Goes On" was co-written by Lennon, McCartney and Starr; while the songs "Flying" (on the Magical Mystery Tour album) and "Dig It" (on Let It Be) are listed as being written by Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Starr. In addition, Starr wrote "Taking a Trip to Carolina" (on the second CD of Let It Be... Naked), and received joint songwriting credits with the other three Beatles for "12-Bar Original", "Los Paranoias", "Christmas Time (Is Here Again)", "Suzy Parker" (heard in the Let It Be film), "Jessie's Dream" (heard in the Magical Mystery Tour film) and The Beatles' version of "Free as a Bird".

Lennon used Ringo's common original expressions, such as "A Hard Day's Night" and "Tomorrow Never Knows", and turned them into Beatles songs.

Starr commented in The Beatles Anthology that when he presented a song to The Beatles, it would often sound to the other three Beatles like another popular song, and Starr recognised the similarities when they were pointed out.

After The Beatles (1970-1984)

After the announcement of breakup of The Beatles on 10 April 1970, Starr released two albums before the end of that year. Sentimental Journey featured Starr's renditions of many pre-rock standards and included the production talents of Quincy Jones, George Martin and McCartney, among others. His next album, Beaucoups of Blues, put Starr in a country context, and included renowned Nashville session musician Pete Drake. He scored hit singles with "It Don't Come Easy" (1971) and "Back Off Boogaloo" (1972), the latter of which was his biggest UK hit, peaking at #2. He achieved two #1 hits in the US, with "Photograph" (co-written with Harrison) and "You're Sixteen" (written by the Sherman Brothers of Mary Poppins fame).

He also participated in The Concert For Bangladesh organized by Harrison in 1971, as well as drumming on Harrison's All Things Must Pass and Living in the Material World, Lennon's John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band, and Yoko Ono's early solo work. Indeed, his song "Early 1970" (the B-side of "It Don't Come Easy") voiced a hope that he could remain friendly and play music with all three of his former Beatles band mates. Starr then made his debut as a film director with the T. Rex documentary Born to Boogie. Starr became firm friends with T. Rex frontman Marc Bolan and during the period of filming the documentary, Starr released the single "Back Off Boogaloo".^[29]

Starr remains the only Beatle to have failed to top the UK singles charts as a solo artist, although he did chart two number one singles in the US. He is also the only Beatle to have failed to top the UK album listings, his highest position being #7, achieved in the UK with both Sentimental Journey and Ringo; the latter reached #2 in the US charts, giving Starr his highest album position there.

In 1971, he started a furniture company with designer Robin Cruikshank. Starr's own avant-garde designs included a flower-shaped table with adjustable petal seats and a donut-shaped fireplace.^[30]

The 1973 album Ringo remains his biggest-selling record. Produced by Richard Perry with participation by the other three former Beatles on different tracks, Starr became the most commercially successful ex-Beatle at that time. The album Goodnight Vienna followed the next year and was also successful. Hits and notable tracks from these two albums included "Photograph" and "You're Sixteen" both reaching number one on the US charts, and "I'm The Greatest" (written by Lennon) from Ringo, and "Only You (And You Alone)" and "No No Song" from Goodnight Vienna. In late 1975 these singles and others were collected for Starr's first greatest hits compilation, Blast from Your Past, which was also the last album to be released on Apple Records.. During this period, he became romantically involved with Lynsey De Paul and inspired her prophetic song "If I Don't Get You, the Next One Will". He also played tambourine on a song that De Paul wrote and produced for Vera Lynn, called "Don't You Remember When".

Starr's recording career subsequently diminished in commercial impact, although he continued to record and remained a familiar celebrity presence. Starr signed with Atlantic Records in the mid 1970s, and in 1976 the album Ringo's Rotogravure was released. While it did feature a minor hit single, the album sold only fairly well. In fact, Rotogravure turned out to be Starr's last top 40 album in the US to date peaking at #28 on Billboard and the Single turned out to be the last top 40 single in the US in the 70"s "A Dose of Rock And Roll". This caused the label to revamp Starr's formula; the results were a curious blend of disco and '70s pop. The album Ringo the 4th (1977) was a commercial disaster, and Starr soon signed with Portrait Records. His stint with Portrait began on a promising note: 1978 saw the release of Bad Boy, as well as a network TV special. Sadly, neither were very popular, and Starr did not release another album with Portrait.

In 1975, Starr founded his own record label called Ring O'Records, and four albums were released on the label between 1975 and 1978 (Startling Music by David Hentschel, Graham Bonnet by Graham Bonnet, Restless by Rab Noakes and a re-release of an Apple Records album, The Whale by John Tavener) as well as 16 singles by artists such as: Bobby Keys, Carl Grossman, Colonel Doug Bogie, David Hentschel, Graham Bonnet, Suzanne, Johnny Warman, Stormer, Rab Noakes and Dirk & Stig (the last being names of characters from The Beatles pastiche band "the Rutles", created by Eric Idle and Neil Innes).

In 1980, Harrison wrote "All Those Years Ago" for Starr to sing on his album Can't Fight Lightning which was later released as Stop and Smell the Roses. Starr did the track but told Harrison that he was uncomfortable with it because of the lyric content and the vocal range. Harrison sang a re-written version himself, including it on his 1981 album Somewhere in England following Lennon's murder. Starr, along with Paul and Linda McCartney, played on Harrison's version. Starr was interviewed by Rolling Stone and Musician around this time. Stop and Smell the Roses was a well regarded album, but again did not sell particularly well. The Harrison-penned "Wrack My Brain" became Starr's last Top 40 single to date. Coincidentally perhaps, Lennon had also written a song for Starr to use on Roses: "Nobody Told Me". However, following the murder, Starr did not feel comfortable recording the song; it was released posthumously under Lennon's name on the album Milk and Honey.

After Lennon was murdered in 1980, Starr and his girlfriend Barbara Bach flew to New York City, to comfort Lennon's widow Yoko Ono. They were noted for having done so, while McCartney and Harrison did not.

Although Starr had regularly guested on Lennon's and Harrison's solo efforts, and had had all three of his ex-colleagues guest on various records of his own, it was not until 1982 that he first was asked by McCartney to participate in recording sessions (for the Tug of War album). As was also evident with Harrison's "All These Years Ago", Lennon's death had in fact led to a public showing of reconciliation between the remaining Beatles.

Old Wave, produced by Joe Walsh, was released in 1983, but the album was only released in Germany, Canada, Mexico, Japan, New Zealand, Holland (their copies were imported from Germany with a Dutch sticker attached), Scandinavia, Australia and Brazil (the album finally saw belated US release on CD in 1994).

Recent years (1985-present)

Music (albums, concerts/tours, awards, appearances)

In 1985, he performed, with his son Zak Starkey, as part of Artists United Against Apartheid on the recording Sun City.

In 1988, Starr drummed on the George Harrison song "When We Was Fab" from his album Cloud Nine. Harrison had written the song with Jeff Lynne with the intent of making a modern song referencing the psychedelic Beatles era, ca. 1967. Reportedly, Harrison felt he "needed" Starr to drum on the song, basically saying something to the effect of, "I can't imagine a song like this starting without Ringo's 'da-da-dum, da-da-dum'." The song charted in the Top 30 in both the UK and the USA, and is often mistaken for a Beatles song.

Beginning in 1989, after Starr had reunited with ex-Beatle guitarist Harrison and ex-Electric Light Orchestra leader Lynne on the Tom Petty song, "I Won't Back Down," followed by a stint in detox for alcoholism, Starr became a visible presence on the summer touring scene, organising a series of concert tours under the name Ringo Starr and His All-Starr Band, teaming with well-known musicians from various rock eras. The format of the concerts had Starr singing selections of his Beatles and solo songs, then each of the other musicians taking a turn to sing one of their songs with Starr behind the drums, then Starr singing a couple more, then another go around, and so on. In this way, Starr is relieved from having to carry the full burden of the show, and the audience gets to hear a variety of music. The ninth such All-Starr Band tour took place in 2006.

The success of the initial All-Starr tour led to Starr releasing his first album in nine years, 1992's Time Takes Time. It received substantial exposure and the track "Weight Of The World" got considerable airplay. Critics considered Time Takes Time Ringo's best recording since 1973's Ringo and was produced by four of the top producers in music: Phil Ramone, Don Was, Jeff Lynne and Peter Asher. The album also featured guest appearances by Brian Wilson and Harry Nilsson.

In 1997, Starr guested on drums on two songs on the Paul McCartney album Flaming Pie. McCartney had written a song about Starr's ex-wife Maureen Starkey ("Little Willow") and asked Starr if he'd play on another ("Beautiful Night"). On the day subsequent to the "Beautiful Night" session, the two recorded a jam session which developed into another song, "Really Love You", notable for being the first song ever credited to McCartney/Starkey and officially released on an album. (An earlier co-write called "Angel in Disguise" was cut from the album Time Takes Time, and a song on the Let It Be film soundtrack was also credited to the two.)

1998 saw two important albums released on the Mercury label. The studio album Vertical Man was well-received by critics and marked the beginning of a 9-year "partnership" with Mark Hudson, who produced the album and, with his band The Roundheads, formed the core of the backing group for the album. In addition, many "famous guests" joined on various tracks, including George Martin, Paul McCartney, and ― in his final appearance on a Ringo Starr album before his death ― George Harrison. Most of the songs were written by Starr and the band. The Roundheads and Joe Walsh also joined Starr for his appearance on "VH1 Storytellers", which was released as an album under the same name. On the show, he performed greatest hits and new songs, and told anecdotes relating to them.

In 2001, Starr and Harrison were both guest musicians on the Electric Light Orchestra's album Zoom, playing on two tracks each. Later that year, he was shocked to hear about George Harrison's death of cancer on November 29, as he told MTV, Good Morning America, The Early Show, The Today Show, among many others show that "We will miss George for his sense of humor."

In 2002 Starr was inducted into the Percussive Hall of Fame joining the elite group of percussive inductees, which includes Buddy Rich and William F. Ludwig, Sr. and his son.

On November 29, 2002, Starr performed "Photograph" and a cover of Carl Perkins' "Honey Don't" at the Concert For George held in the Royal Albert Hall, London, on the first anniversary of Harrison's death. According to the official website, "Ringo Starr caught everyone with a tear in their eye with a rendition of 'Photograph', a composition he wrote with George, which seemed to sum up how everyone felt." The song includes the lines, "Every time I see your face / it reminds me of the places we used to go / But all I've got is a photograph / and I realize you're not coming back anymore".[1]

When drummer Carl Palmer was asked by fans in Mexico City about his drum set he used in a tour with Emerson, Lake & Palmer (reportedly valued at $25,000), his answer was that he sold it to Starr.

In 2003, Starr began recording for the independent label Koch Records, releasing Ringo Rama that year and Choose Love in 2005; the former includes his stylish tribute to Harrison, "Never Without You", and the latter features appearances by Billy Preston and Chrissie Hynde.

Starr toured again in mid-2006, with an All-Starr Band featuring Sheila E. on percussion, bassist Hamish Stuart (formerly of the Average White Band and Paul McCartney's touring band), and Edgar Winter. The tour was underway on Ringo's 66th birthday, 7 July 2006, when the All-Starr Band performed in Clearwater, Florida.

Starr appeared on the Tonight Show with Jay Leno on 20 June 2006. He sang two songs; "What Goes On" from Rubber Soul and "With a Little Help from My Friends" from Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.

Most recently, Starr featured on the Jerry Lee Lewis 2006 duet album, Last Man Standing; he performed a cover, with Lewis, of Chuck Berry's "Sweet Little Sixteen".

In June 2007 the newest studio album of Ringo Starr was expected, produced by Dave Stewart, Mark Hudson and Ringo himself and titled Liverpool 8. However, the release has now been pushed back to the beginning of 2008, Mark Hudson started out producing the record but was replaced by Stewart after a falling out with Ringo. Starr's attorney Bruce Grakal told journalist Peter Palmiere that the partnership between Hudson and Ringo was over and they would never work together again. This happened after Hudson dropped out of the 2006 tour as musical director to do the TV show "The one: Making A Music Star". Hudson now claims that the split was over Ringo's insistence to use synthesized sounds of which Stewart is known for whereas Mark wanted real guitars, pianos, strings etc... [2].

Films

Other than the films Starr did with The Beatles (A Hard Day's Night (1964), Help! (1965), Magical Mystery Tour (1967), Let It Be (1970)), he has acted in several films such as Candy (1968), The Magic Christian (1969) (alongside Peter Sellers), Blindman (1971), Son of Dracula (1974) and Caveman (1981). For the 1979 documentary film on the Who, The Kids Are Alright, Starr appeared in interview segments with fellow drummer Keith Moon. He starred as Larry the Dwarf in Frank Zappa's 200 Motels (1971). His voice is also featured in Harry Nilsson's animated film The Point! (1971).

He co-starred in That'll Be the Day (1973) as a Teddy boy ^[31]. He also played 'The Pope' in Ken Russell's Lisztomania (1975) ^[32], and a fictionalized version of himself in the Paul McCartney penned Give My Regards to Broad Street in 1984.^[33]

In 1985, Starr played the Mock Turtle in the film version of Alice in Wonderland^[34].

Television

In 1984, Starr narrated the children's television series Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends. He was unsure about taking the role at first, having never previously read the books by Reverend Awdry, and at the time he felt that children would be more interested in "dinosaurs with lasers." Nevertheless, he had a change of heart and took the role, narrating the first two series. Starr also portrayed the character Mr. Conductor in the program's American spin-off Shining Time Station, which debuted in 1989. In an interview with Q Magazine in 1998, he admitted he was "really pleased he did it". Also in 1989, he appeared with his daughter Lee in a US television commercial for Oldsmobile, in which he narrated the first line of automaker's new jingle (to his daughter), "This is not your father's Oldsmobile!" ^[35]

In 1991, Starr appeared as himself in an episode of the animated comedy programme The Simpsons, titled "Brush with Greatness". He was the first Beatle ever to appear on the show. (Harrison and McCartney lent their voices to the series in later episodes.) In the same year Starr recorded the song "You'll Never Know", which was played over the end credits in the James Belushi motion picture Curly Sue. ^[36]

In 1996, Starr appeared in a Japanese advertisement for apple juice; 'ringo' is Japanese for 'apple'. In the mid-1990s, Starr appeared in an advertisement for Pizza Hut, pronouncing that the time is ripe for 'the lads' to get back together. At the commercial's pay-off, he is joined by three members of the Monkees (Micky Dolenz, Peter Tork and Davy Jones) and quips to the camera, "Wrong lads."^[37]

In 2000, he appeared in the first of the "Smart Investor" TV commercials for Charles Schwab Brokerage. In the commercial, Starr is trying to help a group of young songwriters come up with a rhyme for "elation". Starr suggests such financial investment terms as "dividend reinvestment participation", "market capitalization", "European market fluctuation" and "asset allocation", as an instrumental version of the song Money, recorded by The Beatles, plays in the background. At the commercial's pay-off, he looks at the confused songwriters and says, "What? Too many syllables?" [3] Also in 2001, Starr voiced the Duck brothers in the cartoon show, Courage the Cowardly Dog.

In January 2005, it was announced that comic book creator Stan Lee would be working with Starr to produce a new animated musical superhero based on Starr.

Possibility of knighthood

In December 2006, Times columnist Daniel Finkelstein started a campaign to get Ringo Starr knighted in a petition^[38] to the Prime Minister.^[39] The petition has been met with widespread press coverage from The Sun^[40] newspaper and the Canada National Post^[41] and has received 1,887 signatures.^[38] Starr himself has clearly stated both that he doesn't particularly support the Royal Family ("I think it should end with this queen. I think we can have the pageant without…them. I think they should have built a hospital in the name of the Queen Mum, but they didn’t, they just decided not to pay taxes and keep their money."^[42]), and that he isn't personally interested in being knighted:

Interviewer: At the end of the song [“Elizabeth Reigns”] ― which is a balanced view of the queen and company ― you say, “Well, there goes me knighthood.?

Starr: There goes me knighthood – yes, I think it has gone, well and truly?

Interviewer: Does that bother you at all?

Starr: No, I don’t want to be a sir, I want to be a duke or a prince. So if they come through with that, I’ll seriously consider it.^[42] In September 2005, Liverpool City Council decided they would bulldoze Starr's birthplace as it had 'no historical significance' [4], despite a previous reprieve back in July. [5]. The LCC later announced that the building would be taken apart brick by brick and preserved after all. [6]

On 27 August 2006, Ringo's wife Barbara Bach was kicked by a horse and broke her leg while they were celebrating her 59th birthday. Ringo rushed her to Royal Surrey Hospital in Guildford, 35 miles southwest of London. She had surgery to repair her fractured right femur.

On 26 June 2007, Ringo appeared on CNN's Larry King Live along with Sir Paul McCartney, Yoko Ono Lennon, Olivia Harrison, and Guy Laliberté (Founder of Cirque du Soleil). They promoted the "Revolution" Lounge at "The Mirage" in Las Vegas, Nevada. They also commemorated the one year anniversary of Cirque du Soleil's "Love". The special was live from The Mirage Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas.[7] At one point, Larry King called Ringo George, to which Paul replied "This is Ringo, not George."

Awards and recognition

On 12 June 1965, Starr and the three other Beatles were appointed Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE); they received their insignia from the Queen at an investiture at Buckingham Palace on 26 October.

The Beatles won the Academy Award for Best Original Song Score for 1970 for the film "Let It Be." Each Beatle received an Oscar.

All four of The Beatles were elected to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame when the group was inducted in 1988.^[44] Since then, Lennon (1994), McCartney (1999), and Harrison (2004) have been inducted for their solo careers as well. Starr remains the only Beatle not to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for his solo career.

The minor planet (4150) Starr, discovered on 31 August 1984 by B. A. Skiff at the Anderson Mesa Station of the Lowell Observatory, was named in his honour.^[45]

It was announced on September 5, 2007 that Ringo Starr will be on the ballot for membership in the Rock and Roll Hall of fame as a solo artist.[8]

Discography

Main article: Ringo Starr discography

Filmography

Main article: Filmography of Ringo Starr

All-Starr Band editions

For a detailed list of bands and members, see: Ringo Starr All-Starr Band

Notes

1. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 331. 
2. ^ The Beatles Story
3. ^ Google Maps
4. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography. Boston: Little, Brown, 333. ISBN 0-316-80352-9. 
5. ^ [9]
6. ^ The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 33. ISBN 0-8118-2684-8. 
7. ^ The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology, 33,35. 
8. ^ The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology, 35. 
9. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 339-340. 
10. ^ The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology, 34-35. 
11. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 336-339. 
12. ^ The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology, 284. 
13. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 333. 
14. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 341-343. 
15. ^ The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology, 39. 
16. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 324. 
17. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 201-202,215-216. 
18. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 300. 
19. ^ Miles, Barry (1997). Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now. New York: Henry Holt & Company. ISBN 0-8050-5249-6. 
20. ^ Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography, 328. 
21. ^ Ringo Starr Portfolio. The Beatles Internet Album. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
22. ^ "Meat the beat of The Beatles", Washington Times, 2004-11-26. 
23. ^ Collins refers to Day in the life drum fills, 1min39seconds. Retrieved on 2007-05-08.
24. ^ Ringo Starr 1976 Interview. The Beatles Ultimate Experience Database.
25. ^ Postcards From The Boys.
26. ^ Lewisohn, Mark (1988). The Beatles Recording Sessions. New York: Harmony Books, 173. ISBN 0-517-57066-1. 
27. ^ Ringo's Importance to The Beatles as Their Drummer.
28. ^ Lewisohn, Mark (1988). The Beatles Recording Sessions, 20. 
29. ^ VH1 Storytellers
30. ^ "People" section of unidentified publication.
31. ^ See That'll be the Day cast list on imdb
32. ^ See Lisztomania cast list on imdb
33. ^ Give My Regards to Broad Street at imdb
34. ^ Alice in Wonderland. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
35. ^ Ringo Starr - The new generation of oldsmobile (AD). Retrieved on 2007-06-28.
36. ^ [10]
37. ^ Ringo Starr in Pizza Hut commercial. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
38. ^ e-Petition to the Prime Minister to recommend to the Queen to confer a knighthood on Ringo Starr (Richard Starkey MBE). Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
39. ^ Finkelstein, Daniel. Ringo and power law. TimesOnline.
40. ^ Brown, Derek (2006-12-16). Arise, Sir Ringo, you are a Starr. The Sun Online. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
41. ^ Doherty, Mike; Nestruck, J. Kelly (2006-12-12). Knight Ringo?. National Post. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
42. ^ Starr, Ringo. Ringo Rama Radio Hour Interview. KOCH Entertainment LLC: New York, 2003. KOC-CD-9533A
43. ^

Personal life

Starr married Maureen Cox on 11 February 1965, and they had three children, Zak, Jason, and Lee; the couple divorced in 1975. In 1980, on the set of the film Caveman, he met actress Barbara Bach, who played the role of Major Anya Amasova (female lead and main 'Bond Girl') in The Spy Who Loved Me. They were married on 27 April 1981, just a few weeks after the release of Caveman.

His son Zak Starkey is also a highly respected and prolific drummer, who is currently drumming for Oasis and The Who. Starr arranged for Zak to receive drumming instruction from Zak's idol, the late Who drummer Keith Moon, who was a close friend of Starr. In 1985, Starr was the first of The Beatles to become a grandfather upon the birth of Zak's daughter, Tatia Jayne Starkey.<ref name="Name of Zak Starkey's daughter">Zak Starkey's Biography. Kathy's Zak Starkey Site.
44. ^ The Beatles. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
45. ^ (4150) Starr. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.