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Information about John Pemberton

This article is about the American druggist. For other people named John Pemberton, see John Pemberton (disambiguation).


John Stith Pemberton (July 8, 1831–August 16, 1888) was an American druggist and the creator of Coca-Cola.

Early life and education

John Stith Pemberton (b. 1831 in Georgia) was the son of James Clifford Pemberton (b. 1803 in North Carolina) and Martha L. Worsham Gent (b. about 1791 in Virginia). James and Martha married July 20, 1828, in Crawford County, Georgia. Martha was the daughter of Archer Worsham (born in Virginia) and Nancy Clark Smith from Baldwin County, Georgia. The Pemberton family moved to Rome, Georgia, and John attended medical school in Macon, receiving his degree at the age of nineteen.

Pemberton rejected heroic medicine, popularized by Benjamin Rush, which attempted to cure through bloodletting. Rather, he attended a school in the tradition of Samuel Thompson, a controversial herbalist who cured through steam baths and the ingestion of lobelia. Pemberton also received a graduate degree in pharmacy. Thompson, like Pemberton, made his living selling patent medicines of dubious value (but, no more dubious than the prevailing medicine of the time). Pemberton married Wesleyan College student Ann Eliza Clifford Lewis and moved to Columbus, Georgia in 1853. The couple had a son, Charley Pemberton, born in 1854.

Professional and military career

Pemberton served in the army of the Confederate States of America where he was wounded. It was through this wound that Pemberton came to be addicted to pain killers especially a form of morphine.Pemberton worked as a druggist in Columbus and built a laboratory where he made and sold medicines, photographic chemicals, and cosmetic products, including a popular perfume he called Sweet Southern Bouquet. He moved his family to Atlanta in 1870 and in March of that year was given US patent 100439 for an Improved Medical Compound From Globe Flower ^ . Pemberton served on the first pharmacy licensing board in the state, established a modern chemical laboratory that was the first state-run facility to test soil and crop chemicals, and was a trustee of Emory University School of Medicine. He assisted the state of Georgia in catching and prosecuting so-called "snake oil salesmen" who sold fake chemicals to farmers with the promise they would help their crops grow.

Later life, death and legacy

Pemberton's behavior grew increasingly erratic as he neared the end of his life. He purposely sold the rights to manufacture Coca-Cola twice. First, to two investors, from whom Asa Candler acquired his stake in the business. Then, to three more investors who had no knowledge of the previous sale and were left penniless when Candler acquired exclusive rights to the formula in 1888.

Pemberton's son Charley returned to Atlanta that same year and claimed his father had promised him a stake in the business. At first, Pemberton insisted that Charley be included in the enterprise that also included Candler and Robinson. However, a principal investor grew tired of the alcoholic young man's antics. In an effort to make peace, Pemberton declared that Charley owned the rights to the name, but not the formula. Charley then began to manufacture his own version of the popular beverage.

This complex situation was resolved when Candler acquired the formula from John Pemberton and two investors to whom Pemberton had sold partial rights in order to fund his addiction, Margaret Dozier and Woolfolk Walker. However, later handwriting analysis revealed that Pemberton's signature on the bill of sale was most likely a forgery, and the Pemberton family long after suspected foul play.

Pemberton died on August 16, 1888, only a few months after Candler incorporated the first Coca Cola Corporation. He is buried in Linwood Cemetery in Columbus, Georgia.
John Pemberton is the name of:
  • John Pemberton (1831 - 1888), American druggist and the inventor of Coca-Cola
  • John C. Pemberton (1814 – 1881), American Civil War general
  • John Pemberton (footballer), (born 1964), English former footballer

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July 8 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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Motto
"In God We Trust"   (since 1956)
"E Pluribus Unum"   ("From Many, One"; Latin, traditional)
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A dispensing chemist, in British English and (to some extent) Australian English, or druggist in North American English is a pharmacist allowed to fulfil prescriptions.
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Coca-Cola cola (a type of carbonated soft drink) sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company (NYSE: KO ) and is often referred to simply as Coke.
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State of Georgia

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The State of North Carolina

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Crawford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of 2000, the population is 12,495. The 2005 Census Estimate shows a population of 12,874 [1] . The unincorporated county seat is Knoxville, Georgia6.
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State of Georgia

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Nickname(s): Peach State, Empire State of the South
Motto(s): Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation

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Baldwin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of 2000, the population was 44,700. The 2006 Census Estimate placed the population at 45,275 [1]. The county seat is Milledgeville, Georgia6.
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Rome, Georgia, USA
Aerial view of downtown Rome
Location in Floyd County and the state of Georgia
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medical school or faculty of medicine is a tertiary educational institution or part of such an institution that teaches medicine.

In addition to fulfilling a major requirement to become a medical doctor, some medical schools offer Master's Degree programs, PhD (Doctor
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Heroic medicine is a term for aggressive medical practices or methods of treatment, and usually refers to those which were later superseded by scientific advances.

It is not known who first used the pejorative term “heroic medicine”; but it is most likely that it
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Dr. Benjamin Rush (December 24 1745 – April 19 1813) was a Founding Father of the United States. Rush lived in the state of Pennsylvania and was a physician, writer, educator, and humanitarian, as well as the founder of Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
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Bloodletting (or blood-letting, in modern medicine referred to as phlebotomy) was a popular medical practice from antiquity up to the late 19th century, involving the withdrawal of often considerable quantities of blood from a patient in the hopeful belief that this
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Samuel Thomson (born 1769-02-09, died 1843-10-05 in Boston, Massachusetts) was an American herbalist and the founder of the "Thomsonian System" of medicine. As naturopathic physician and author Stan Malstrom has stated.
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An herbalist is:[1][2][3]
  1. A person whose life is dedicated to the economic or medicinal uses of plants.
  2. One skilled in the harvesting and collection of medicinal plants (see wildcrafter).

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Lobelia
L.

Species
See text.
Lobelia (also known as Indian Tobacco, Asthma Weed, Pukeweed, or Vomitwort
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Pharmacy (from the Greek φάρμακον = drug) is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences, and it is charged with ensuring the safe use of medication.
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Patent medicine is the somewhat misleading term given to various medical compounds sold under a variety of names and labels, though they were, for the most part, actually medicines with trademarks, not patented medicines.
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Wesleyan College is a private, liberal arts women's college located in Macon, Georgia.

Students

Wesleyan College has an undergraduate student population of around 700. It has a student-faculty ratio of 11:1, and an average class size of 20 students.
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