Information about Explorer
“Explorer” redirects here. For other uses, see Explorer (disambiguation).
Exploration is the act of searching or traveling for the purpose of discovery, e.g. of unknown regions, including space (space exploration), for oil, gas, coal, ores, caves, water (Mineral exploration or prospecting), or information. Exploration in information and spiritual age also involves the act of searching for uncommon knowledge or seeking the unknown metaphysical spiritual realms of consciousness, cyberspace or noosphere.
The term can also be used to describe the first incursions of peoples from one culture into the geographical and cultural environment of others. Although exploration has existed as long as human beings, its peak is seen as being during the Age of Discovery when European navigators travelled around the world discovering new lands and cultures.
In scientific research, exploration is one of three purposes of research (the other two being description and explanation). Exploration is the attempt to develop an initial, rough understanding of some phenomenon.
Notable explorers
- Pytheas (380 – c. 310 BC) - Greek explorer. First to circumnavigate Great Britain and to explore Germany. Reached Thule, most commonly thought to be the Shetland Islands or Iceland.
- Erik the Red (950 - 1003) - Norwegian Viking explorer. After being cast out from Iceland, he sailed to Greenland and settled there.
- Leif Ericson (980 - 1020) - Norwegian explorer. Believed to have been the first European to land in North America.
- Friar Julian (1235 - 1237) - Hungarian Dominican friar.
- Marco Polo (1254 - 1324) - Italian explorer.
- Ibn Battuta (1304 - 1377) - Berber explorer.
- Zheng He (1371 - 1433) - Chinese explorer.
- John Cabot (c. 1450 - 1499) - Italian explorer. Discovered Newfoundland and claimed it for the Kingdom of England.
- Bartholomeu Dias (c. 1450 - 1500) - Portuguese explorer. He sailed from Portugal and reached the Cape of Good Hope.
- Christopher Columbus (1451 - 1506) - Italian explorer. Sailed in 1492 and discovered the "New World" of the Americas.
- Amerigo Vespucci (c. 1454 - 1512) - Italian explorer. Sailed in 1499 and 1502. He explored the east coast of South America.
- Juan Ponce de León (c. 1460 - 1521) - Spanish explorer. He explored Florida while attempting to locate a Fountain of Youth.
- Piri Reis (c. 1465/1470 – 1554/1555) - Ottoman explorer.
- Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 - c. 1520) - Portuguese explorer, generally regarded as first European discoverer of the sea route to Brazil.
- Vasco da Gama (c. 1469 - 1524) - Portuguese explorer. He sailed from Portugal to India by rounding the Cape of Good Hope.
- Vasco Núñez de Balboa (c. 1475 - 1519) - Spanish explorer. The first European to cross the Isthmus of Panama and view the Pacific ocean from American shores.
- Francisco Pizarro (c. 1475 - 1541) - Spanish explorer. Conquered the Inca Empire.
- Juan Sebastián Elcano (1476 - 1526) - Spanish explorer. Completed the first circumnavigation of the globe in a single expedition after its captain, Magellan, was killed.
- Ferdinand Magellan (1480 - 1521) - Spanish explorer. Initiated the first circumnavigation of the globe in a single expedition. Sailed through Strait of Magellan and named Pacific Ocean. Died in the Philippines after claiming them for Spain.
- Giovanni da Verrazzano (c. 1485 - 1528) - Italian explorer. Explored the northeast coast of America, from about present day South Carolina to Newfoundland.
- Hernán Cortés (1485 - 1545) - Spanish explorer. Conquered the Aztec Empire for Spain.
- Jacques Cartier (1491 – 1557) - French explorer. Discovered Canada.
- Hernando de Soto (c. 1496 - 1542) - Spanish explorer. Explored Florida, mainly northwest Florida, and discovered the Mississippi River.
- Francisco Vásquez de Coronado (c. 1510 - 1554) - Spanish explorer. Searched for the Seven Cities of Gold and discovered the Grand Canyon in the process.
- Sir Francis Drake (c. 1540 - 1596) - English explorer. The first English captain to sail around the world and survive.
- Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa (1532 - 1592) Spanish explorer of the Pacific.
- Alvaro de Mendaña de Neyra 1541-1596 Spanish explorer of the Pacific.
- Pedro Fernandes de Queirós 1565-1614 Portuguese navigator. Explored the Pacific in the service of the Spanish Crown.
- Luis Váez de Torres (c. 1565- ) Spanish or Portuguese navigator. Explored the Pacific in the service of the Spanish Crown.
- Henry Hudson (1570 - 1611) - English explorer. Explored much of the North Atlantic, including Labrador, the coast of Greenland, and Hudson Bay. Presumed dead in a 1611 mutiny of his own crew.
- Vitus Bering (1681 - 1741) - Danish explorer. Explored the Siberian Far East and Alaska and claimed it for Russia.
- James Cook (1728 - 1779) - English naval captain. Explored much of the Pacific including New Zealand, Australia and Hawaii.
- Jean François La Pérouse (1741–1788) was a French Navy officer and explorer whose expedition vanished in Oceania
- Alessandro Malaspina (1754-1810) - Italian explorer. Explored the Pacific and the west coast of North America in the service of Spanish Crown
- Alexander MacKenzie (1764-1820) Scottish-Canadian explorer who in 1789, looking for the Northwest Passage, followed the river now named after him to the Arctic Ocean and then in 1793 crossed the Rockies and reached the Pacific in 1793, thus beating Lewis and Clark by 12 years.
- Alexander von Humboldt (1769 - 1859) - German explorer and scientist whose work was foundational to the field of biogeography.
- Captain Meriwether Lewis (1774 - 1809) - American explorer and field scientist who led the Lewis and Clark Expedition into the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest in 1804-1806.
- Charles Wilkes (April 3, 1798 – February 8, 1877) - American naval officer and explorer who commanded the United States Exploring Expedition
- David Livingstone (1813 – 1873) - Scottish missionary and explorer in central Africa. He was the first European to see Victoria Falls, which he named in honour of Queen Victoria.
- Henry Morton Stanley (1841 – 1904) - Welsh journalist and explorer in central Africa best remembered for his search for David Livingstone, and upon finding him saying: "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
- Fridtjof Nansen (1861 - 1930) - Norwegian explorer, scientist and diplomat. He was the first to cross the Greenland ice cap in 1888 and drifted across the Arctic ocean with the Fram in 1893-1896 where he attempted to reach the North Pole with Hjalmar Johansen.
- Otto Sverdrup (1854 - 1930) - Norwegian explorer. Joined Fridtjof Nansen acoss Greenland in 1888 and captain on the Fram on the polar drift in 1893-1896 and the 2nd Fram expedition in 1898-1902. Mapped the Northenmost part of Canada in 1898-1902.
- Roald Amundsen (1872 - 1928) - Norwegian explorer. He led the first successful Antarctic expedition between 1910 and 1912. He was also the first ever person to successfully traverse the North West Passage.
- Hiram Bingham III (1875 - 1956) - U.S. Senator from Connecticut and explorer best known for uncovering Machu Picchu.
- Robert Bartlett (1875 - 1946) - Newfoundland captain. Led over 40 expeditions to the Arctic, more than anyone before or since. Was the first to sail north of 88° N latitude.
- Knud Rasmussen (1879 - 1933) - Greenlandic polar explorer and anthropologist. Rasmussen was the first to cross the Northwest Passage via dog sled.
- Ahmed Pasha Hassanein (1889 - 1946) - Egyptian explorer, diplomat, one of two non-European winners of Gold Medal of Royal Geographical Society in 1924, King's chamberlain, fencing participant to 1924 Olympics, photographer, author and discoverer of Jebel Uweinat, and writer of "The Lost Oases" book in three languages.
- Colonel Noel Andrew Croft (1906 - 1998) - held the record for the longest self-sustaining journey across the Arctic in the 1930s for 60 years.
- Sir Edmund Percival Hillary (born July 20, 1919) - New Zealand explorer, together with Tenzing Norgay, the first to climb Mount Everest on May 29, 1953.
- Neil Armstrong (born August 5, 1930) - American astronaut - First human being to set foot on the Moon on July 20, 1969.
- Yuri Gagarin (March 9, 1934 – March 27, 1968) - Soviet cosmonaut who on April 12 1961 became the first man in space and the first human to orbit Earth.
- Robert Ballard - born in 1942) - undersea explorer; discovered the shipwreck of the RMS Titanic'.
- Reinhold Messner (born September 17, 1944) - Italian mountaineer, first man to climb all the 14 peaks higher than 8,000 meters.
- Frank Cole (1954 - 2000) - Canadian explorer, filmmaker and life extensionist. He was the first North American to cross the Sahara desert in 1990 alone on camel. He was murdered by bandits during a second crossing in 2000.
- JAXA, NASA, ESA, ISRO, the Chinese space program, the Soviet space program and RKA were or are all organizations of people dedicated to exploration of outer space, often using robots and unmanned missions. Neil Armstrong worked with NASA and Yuri Gagarin worked with the Soviet program.
Exploration by area
- Exploration of the Pacific Ocean
- Exploration of the Pacific Northwest
- Exploration of the Americas
- European exploration of Arabia
- European exploration of Asia
- European exploration of Africa
- European exploration of Australia
- European exploration of North America
- European exploration of South America
- Exploration of the High Alps
- Exploration of Mercury
- Exploration of Venus
- Moon Landings and Exploration of the Moon
- Exploration of Mars
- Friar Marcos
See also
- Expeditions
- BSES Expeditions
- Age of Exploration
- Cave exploration
- Confluence exploration/hunting
- Desert exploration
- Ocean exploration
- Polar exploration
- Space exploration
- Urban exploration
- List of explorers
- Mineral exploration
- Exploration of Space and Time
- La Salle Explorers from La Salle University
External links
- Ocean Explorer - Public outreach site for explorations sponsored by the Office of Ocean Exploration.
- NOAA, Ocean Explorer History
- NOAA, Ocean Explorer Gallery - A rich collection of images, video, audio and podcast.
- NOAA's Office of Ocean Exploration
- Explorers worksheets and printables for teachers
- Hassanein Bey of the Libyan Desert, RGS Gold Medalist of 1924 - NGS article of 1924, biography, etc.
Etymologically, the word explorer refer to a person involved in exploration (from Latin explorare).
Explorer, exploring or exploration may also refer to:
Air and space craft:
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Explorer, exploring or exploration may also refer to:
Air and space craft:
- Space Adventures Explorer, a concept tourist spaceplane
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Searching and search can refer to the following:
Computers and computer science
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Computers and computer science
- Search algorithm
- Boolean search
- Tree search
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Travel is the transport of people on a trip/journey or the process or time involved in a person or object moving from one location to another. Reasons for travel include:
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- Tourism—travel for recreation.
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Outer space, sometimes simply called space, refers to the relatively empty regions of the universe outside the atmospheres of celestial bodies. Outer space is used to distinguish it from airspace (and terrestrial locations).
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Introduction
While the observation of objects in space—known as astronomy—pre-dates reliable recorded history, it was..... Click the link for more information.
Petroleum (Latin Petroleum derived from Greek πέτρα (Latin petra) - rock + έλαιον (Latin oleum) - oil) or crude oil
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Gas is one of the four major states of matter, consisting of freely moving atoms or molecules without a definite shape. Compared to the solid and liquid states of matter a gas has lower density and a lower viscosity.
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Coal (IPA: /ˈkəʊl/) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation.
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ore is a volume of rock containing components or minerals in a mode of occurrence that renders it valuable for mining. An ore must contain materials that are
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- valuable
- in concentrations that can be profitably mined, transported, milled, and processed.
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cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter. Some people suggest that the term 'cave' should only apply to cavities that have some part which does not receive daylight; however, in popular usage, the term includes smaller spaces like sea caves, rock
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Water is a common chemical substance that is essential to all known forms of life.[1] In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or state, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor.
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Mineral exploration is the process undertaken by companies, partnerships or corporations in the endeavour of finding ore (commercially viable concentrations of minerals) to mine.
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Prospecting is the physical search for minerals, fossils, precious metals or mineral specimens, and is also known as fossicking.
Prospecting is synonymous in some ways with mineral exploration which is an organised, large scale and at least semi-scientific effort undertaken
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Prospecting is synonymous in some ways with mineral exploration which is an organised, large scale and at least semi-scientific effort undertaken
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Information is the result of processing, gathering, manipulating and organizing data in a way that adds to the knowledge of the receiver. In other words, it is the context in which data is taken.
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Knowledge is defined (Oxford English Dictionary) variously as (i) expertise, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject, (ii) what is known in a particular field or in total; facts and information or
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Consciousness is a characteristic of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and one's environment.
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The noosphere can be seen as the "sphere of human thought" being derived from the Greek νους ("nous") meaning "mind" in the style of "atmosphere" and "biosphere".
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Geography
History of geography
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History of geography
- Age of Discovery
- Environmental determinism
- Regional geography
- Quantitative revolution
- Critical geography
- See also: Age of Sail and Afro-Asiatic age of discovery
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Scientific method is a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. It is based on gathering observable, empirical and measurable evidence subject to specific principles of reasoning,[1]
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- For the linguistics term, see Prescription and description. For the scientific research term, see Scientific method.
Description in the common parlance has a variety of context dependent meanings, it can be:
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An explanation is a statement which points to causes, , and consequences of some object, process, state of affairs, etc., together with rules or laws that link these to the object. Some of these of the explanation may be implicit.
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For other uses, see Phenomena (disambiguation).
A phenomenon (Greek: φαινόμενoν, pl. phenomena φαινόμενα) is any occurrence that is observable...... Click the link for more information.
Pytheas (Πυθέας), ca. 380 – ca. 310 BC) was a Greek merchant, geographer and explorer from the Greek colony Massilia (today Marseille, France). He made a voyage of exploration to northwestern Europe around 325 BC.
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4th century BC - 3rd century BC
410s BC 400s BC 390s BC - 380s BC - 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC
383 BC 382 BC 381 BC - 380 BC - 379 BC 378 BC 377 BC
Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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410s BC 400s BC 390s BC - 380s BC - 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC
383 BC 382 BC 381 BC - 380 BC - 379 BC 378 BC 377 BC
Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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4th century BC - 3rd century BC
340s BC 330s BC 320s BC - 310s BC - 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC
313 BC 312 BC 311 BC - 310 BC - 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC
Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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340s BC 330s BC 320s BC - 310s BC - 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC
313 BC 312 BC 311 BC - 310 BC - 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC
Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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The term ancient Greece refers to the periods of Greek history in Classical Antiquity, lasting ca. 750 BC[1] (the archaic period) to 146 BC (the Roman conquest). It is generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of Western Civilization.
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The reason for its protection is listed on the protection policy page. The page may still be edited but cannot be moved until unprotected.
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Anthem
"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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Thule (also Thula, Thyle, Thylee, Thile, Thila, Tile, Tila, Tilla, Tyle, or Tylen—being Θούλη in Greek) is in Classical sources a place, usually an island.
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Shetland Islands
Sealtainn
Flag Coat of arms
Location
Geography
Area Ranked 12th
- Total 1,466 km²
- % Water ?
Admin HQ Lerwick
GB-ZET
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Sealtainn
Flag Coat of arms
Location
Geography
Area Ranked 12th
- Total 1,466 km²
- % Water ?
Admin HQ Lerwick
GB-ZET
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